Northeast Syria remains highly insecure, amid heightened tensions, bouts of renewed conflict, and the presence of multiple armed actors with a stake in the future of the country – which is painting a worrying picture for its future and the future of its residents.

This report examines the prevailing vulnerabilities that contribute to the threat of ISIL and other extremist groups regaining a foothold in the Northeast. It looks into what can be done by actors at the local, national, and international level to prevent a resurgence of violence or violent extremism in Northeast Syria.